中美C-TPAT合作
Sino US C-TPAT Cooperation时间(TIME)：2021-08-01 15:33:20
C-TPAT，全称“海关-商界反恐伙伴计划”（Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism）是美国在“9·11”之后采取的一系列反恐措施之一，旨在通过加强美国海关与商界的安全合作，防止恐怖分子利用货运渠道将大规模杀伤性武器运入美国，以保证美国内和输美货物供应链的安全。它以通关便利等一系列优惠待遇为条件，要求成员按照美国海关与边境保护局（U.S. Customs and Border Protection，以下简称CBP）制定的“最低安全标准”，建立公司内部安全控制制度，自主规避安全风险。然后，CBP根据达标情况对企业实行分类管理，级别越高表明企业安全措施越严密，CBP提供的优惠待遇也就越高。
2007年6月，美CBP局长巴沙姆率团访华。期间，美方提出愿意在C-TPAT获得中国政府的正式批准之前作为临时措施与中国海关联合进行C-TPAT认证（validation），以中国海关为主，美方提供技术和培训的建议。在征求外交部、商务部、公安部和安全部意见后，我署于2007年9月就与美CBP开展C－TPAT认证试点合作事报国务院并获批准。
2007年12月13日-14日，我署与美方在北京就试点问题进行了首轮技术磋商。2008年3月3日，双方签署《中美联合验证试点合作声明》。3月17日， 第一次C-TPAT中美联合验证试点培训在深圳海关举行。第二次中美联合验证试点于2008年10月底在深圳-东莞地区开展，第二次联合认证试点有16家企业参与，其中14家通过了此次联合验证，2家企业未能通过。
C-TPAT, fully known as the customs trade partnership against terrorism, is one of a series of anti-terrorism measures taken by the United States after September 11. It aims to prevent terrorists from using Cargo channels to transport weapons of mass destruction into the United States by strengthening the security cooperation between U.S. Customs and business, To ensure the security of the supply chain of goods in and exported to the United States. Based on a series of preferential treatment such as customs clearance convenience, it requires members to establish the company's internal security control system and avoid security risks independently in accordance with the "minimum security standards" formulated by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (hereinafter referred to as CBP). Then, CBP implements classified management for enterprises according to the compliance. The higher the level, the tighter the enterprise's safety measures, and the higher the preferential treatment provided by CBP.
In June 2007, US CBP director Basham led a delegation to visit China. During this period, the US side proposed that it would be willing to conduct C-TPAT certification jointly with the Chinese customs as an interim measure before C-TPAT was officially approved by the Chinese government, focusing on the Chinese customs, and the US side would provide technology and training. After soliciting the opinions of the Ministry of foreign affairs, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of public security and the Ministry of security, our department reported to the State Council for approval in September 2007 on the pilot cooperation of C-TPAT certification with CBP in the United States.
From December 13 to 14, 2007, our department and the United States held the first round of technical consultations on the pilot issue in Beijing. On March 3, 2008, the two sides signed the Sino US joint verification pilot cooperation statement. On March 17, the first C-TPAT Sino US joint verification pilot training was held in Shenzhen customs. The second Sino US joint certification pilot was carried out in Shenzhen Dongguan at the end of October 2008. 16 enterprises participated in the second joint certification pilot, of which 14 passed the joint verification and 2 failed.
